Since they first appeared in the late 1800s vacuum cleaners have become an essential household item around the globe. Although the basic early models were unwieldy and heavy, they were an instant hit and continued to develop into the hi-tech, many-featured models that we use in the home today.
The first electric vacuum cleaner, made by Nilfisk, appeared early in the 1900s. However, vacuum cleaners didn't really take off as a consumer appliance until after World War II when they became a must-have item among the middle classes. The increased demand and sales resulted in ever more sophisticated and lightweight vacuum cleaners, at more affordable prices.
These days there are 2 basic types of vacuum cleaner available in the shops and online - upright and canister - and each offers its own good points and bad points.
Upright cleaners - Upright vacuum cleaners have a cleaning device on the floor with a handle and receptacle for the dust attached. They most often have wheels and are pushed in front of the user. Upright vacuum cleaners are particularly suitable for larger, open rooms and are popular because the user can remain in standing position while operating.
That said, these vacuum cleaners do have their drawbacks. The chief disadvantage is that they do not operate efficiently in tight spaces. They are difficult to move under and around furniture, although a lot of models now come with hoses which helps solve the problem. Upright vacuum cleaners often do not have retractable electric chords, they are heavy and unwieldy, and are difficult to use on stairs.
Canister vacuum cleaners - These are made up of a cleaning unit and bag which are held in a 'canister', with a long, flexible hose that is attached to the vacuum head. These are a common choice among consumers because they are lighter and the design makes it much simpler to clean on stairways, in small spaces and in corners. They also come with a number of head fittings so they are extremely versatile. For example, there are different fittings for vacuuming your car or your drapes.
However, canister cleaners have their disadvantages too. They can be difficult to use in their own fashion as you must pull the canister behind you. In addition, the dirt bags are generally smaller so will require more frequent changing.
While upright and canister vacuums have changed little in basic design over the past few decades, a few innovative extra features have been added to both designs. Examples would be wet/dry or pneumatic vacs that can be used to clean up wet spills, as well as the usual dust.
Another example was the Dyson vacuum, which did away with the need for bagsby channeling the dust into a detachable plastic receptacle.
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